A number of mechanical/green chemical (pre)treatment methodologies, which simulate natural weathering and arthropodal dismantling activities are reviewed, including: mechanical milling, reactive extrusion, ultrasonic-, UV- and degradation using supercritical CO 2. Here, a suite of technological and engineering approaches, which can be implemented to operate in tandem with nature’s prescription for regenerative material circularity, is presented as a route to plastics sustainability.
This review highlights that answers to the pressing global petroleum-based plastic waste challenges, can be found within the mechanics and mechanisms natural ecosystems. Inspirational concepts, and the transfer of analogs from natural biology to science and engineering, has produced many excellent technologies to date, spanning vaccines to modern architectural feats.
4AMBER Centre, CRANN Institute, School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.3Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland.2Eco-Biotechnology & Drug Development Group, Laboratory for Microbial Molecular Genetics and Ecology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.1Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.Efstratios Nikolaivits 1, Brana Pantelic 2, Muhammad Azeem 3, George Taxeidis 1, Ramesh Babu 4, Evangelos Topakas 1, Margaret Brennan Fournet 3* and Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic 2*
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